Policies & Procedures


Hearing.png

Last April, The Compliance Resource Center reported that NIOSH, OSHA and NHCA (National Hearing Conservation Assoication), recently signed and agreement  to help prevent work-related hearing loss.
Now researchers at NIOSH’s Pittsburgh Research Laboratory have developed QuickFitWeb, an online tool to allow users to check their hearing protection in a minute or less. The site notes that ear muffs, ear plugs, and other hearing protection devices can reduce the risk of hearing loss, but only if the wearer gets a good fit and wears them properly. The NIOSH sound player tool allows users to perform a quick test of whether they are getting at least a minimal 15 decibel (dB) level of protection.

The test sounds are bands of random noise with a center frequency of 1000 Hz. This is the same type of sound used in standard hearing protector ratings including the “American National Standard Methods for Measuring the Real-Ear Attenuation of Hearing Protectors” (ANSI S12.6). Both tracks are the same, but the second track is 15 decibels (dB) louder than the first. Most hearing protectors will block or “attenuate” sound by more than 15 dB if they are the right size and shape to fit the ears and are worn correctly. A sound that is barely audible at a worker’s threshold of hearing without hearing protection should be inaudible though hearing protection even if it’s boosted by 15 dB.

To use the tool, visit www.cdc.gov/niosh/mining/topics/hearingloss/quickfitweb.htm.

A typical day in the life of the EH&S manager might go something like this:


Get in the office at 7 AM and go over all the previous days reports about any incident(s) that occurred.  Next you get that cup of coffee to spill over all those reports.  Now you check out the 50 or so E-mails of which at least 30 require a response.  Now it is time to walk the facility and do a short audit to make sure the people are wearing their PPE.  Go back and check more e-mails, and go over the budget for this month.  It’s 9AM and time for your first managers meeting of the day.  You report on 1 incident and what is happening to the employee.  Now back to the office to write your agenda for the weekly safety meeting and go over the OSHA 300 log.  After a short break you need to go over training records to see who needs what training and when can you get it done. Time to start designing a hazardous materials training class for new employeesas some of your MSDS sheets have changed.  Lunch, and then back to designing the training class you use to outsource, but not in this year’s budget.   Call coming in from the floor about a machine-guarding problem (no one hurt).  Have to go on the floor with maintenance to check the machine (lockout/tagout), they need it running for the production line.  Another call on the Nextel that employee requires minor first aid.  Go back to the office to call supervisors to schedule training, but hey are NOT happy to have to take people away from production.  Your boss calls and wants a report about safety to give to his/her boss.  Day almost over, you go back and check on machine to make sure it is properly guarded and find some flammable hazardous materials left out unattended.  Talk with supervisors about this and how to put them away correctly. 5:30PM, time to leave the building, but have to keep Nextel on just in case.  Oh no, I forgot to get the safety meeting agenda put together, well tomorrow is another day.

Here is who I was today:

  • A manager
  • An IT person
  • Asafety person
  • Administrative assistant
  • A finance person
  • An instructional designer
  • A maintenance person
  • A medic
  • An arbitrator
  • An employee
  • Oh Ya! a family person too!!!


So what do you think, sound something like your day?  How many other jobs do you do that I left out?  Send a comment and we will compile a complete (as possible) of all the jobs a safety manager has to do.  Let’s hear from you.
    

 

Cranes.png 

There has been 2 recent, serious incidents and deaths involving cranes.  OSHA compliance is for cranes and derricks is found at 29 CFR part 1926.550.  Here is a link to an ABC news video describing recent crane incidents including the “The Big Blue” crane incident in Milwaukee.

The Crane Certification Association of America in Vancourver, WA purpose  is to promote crane safety, improve the certification profession and address the subject of crane safety in governmental forums.

In fulfilling its purposes, the Association shall have the following objectives:

  • To develop and/or promote educational information for increasing the knowledge and capabilities of the membership.
  • To develop and/or disseminate information and materials that will carry out the purposes of the Association and serve the public.
  • To provide and/or support forums for the interchange and acquisition of professional knowledge among its members.
  • To foster liaison with governmental agencies that implement such other programs and projects that are consisted with the purpose of the Association.
  • To conduct its affairs in a manner that will reflect the standards, purposes and objectives of the Association.
  • Provide testing for practicing crane surveyors.
  • Provide a professional designation to all members who successfully pass the Certified Crane Surveyors (CCS) test.

Another association which promotes safety is the CMAA Crane Manufacturers Association of America.  The CMAA is part of of the OSHA Alliance Program.  

Here is a link to an 8 minute video about crane safety provided by OSHA and The Department of Labor. 

Exit Sign.png One of the most common questions I get asked about is Exits Routes (Means of Egress) and Emergency Action Plans.  These two are synergistic with each other.  A good Emergency Action Plan should include all exit routes.  Too often we hear of employees getting injured or dying in an emergency situation.  Proper planning and training can help eliminate many of these incidents. 
 

 Below are some of the highlights of OSHA requirements for Exit Routes and Emergency Action Plans.
Exit Routes (1910.34 - .37) 

OSHA has specific requirements for design and construction of exit routes that include:

  • Exit rout must be permanent
  • Exits must be separated by fire resistant materials
  • Openings must be protected by a self-closing fire door
  • There must be a minimum of two (2) exits in the workplace

Exits MUST discharge to the outside or a space with access to the outside.  The exit should always remain unlocked.  Exit routes should be a minimum of 7 feet 6 inches high and 28 inches wide.  Exit signs should be clearly marked and illuminated, that can be seen by normal vision. 
 Emergency Action Plans (1910.38)
Workplaces with 10 or more employees must have a WRITTEN Emergency Action Plan that is available for employees to review.  The plan must include the following:

  • Procedure for report emergency
  • Procedure for emergency evacuation
  • Procedure for employees who remain to operate critical plant operations before they evacuate
  • Procedure to account for all employees
  • Procedures for employees performing rescue or medical duties


The workplace MUST have an alarm system that complies with 1910.165.  An employer MUST designate and train employees to assist in a safe and orderly evacuation of other employees.  Every employee MUST be trained on the Emergency Action Plan.
It is recommend that employers practice the Emergency Action Plan at least twice during the year.  Once when employees know in advance and once without prior notification.  The fire department should always be aware of your practice schedule.  Both the fire department and your insurance vendor will assist you in inspecting the workplace to make sure it complies with regulations. 
The Red Cross and others have Emergency Kits available.  They have small inexpensive Safety Tube that includes, a mask, whistle, light stick and water pouch.  This Safety Tube should be given to all employees, to keep at their workstation.  Making sure the Exit Routes are unobstructed and your Emergency Action Plan is practiced can help save lives.    

What is a Job Safety or Job Hazard Analysis and how can you use it successfully? 

  • identifies hazards associated with each step of the task that has the potential to cause serious injury
  • determines how to control the hazard
  • produces a written tool which can be use to train others
  • meets OSHA requirements that develop polices and procedures specific to that job

What jobs are appropriate foa a job hazard analysis?

A job hazard analysis can be conducted on many job in you workplace.  Priority shoudl be given to the following types of jobs:

  • Jobs with the highest injury or illness rates
  • Jobs with the potential to cause sever or disabling injuries or illness, even if there is no history of  previous accidents 
  • Jobs in which on simple human error could lead to a severe accident or injury
  • Jobs that are new to your operation or have underdone changes in processes and procedures
  • Jobs complex enough to require a set of written instructions Now What?

    Supervisors can use the findings of a job hazard analysis tl eliminate and prevent hazards in their workplace.  This is likeley to result in fewer workers injuries and illnesses; safer, more effective work methods; reduced worker’s compensation cost; and increased work productivity.  The analysis also can be a valuale tool for training new employees in the steps required to perform their jobs safely.

    For a job hazard analysis to be effective, management mus demostrate its commitment to safety and health and follow through to correct any uncontrolled hazards identified.  Otherwise, management will lose credibility and employees may hesitate to go to management when dangerous conditions threaten them.

For more information and to help get started OSHA has a JSA publication available.   

 

OSHA is reminding employers that beginning today until April 30, 2008, they must post OSHA Form 300A, a summary of the total number of job-related injuries and illnesses that occurred during 2007.

“The OSHA 300 logs provide employers and employees a broad view of where injuries and illnesses are occurring at their worksites,” said Assistant Secretary of Labor for OSHA Edwin G. Foulke, Jr. “Identifying and posting injury and illness information provides employers and employees with useful information to help ensure a more safe and healthful workplace.”

The summary must include the total number of job-related injuries and illnesses that occurred in 2007 and were logged on the OSHA Form 300. To assist in calculating incidence rates, information about the annual average number of employees and total hours worked during the calendar year is also required. If a company recorded no injuries or illnesses in 2007, the employer must enter “zero” on the total line. The form must be signed and certified by a company executive and must be displayed in a common area where notices to employees are usually posted.

Employers with 10 or fewer employees and employers in certain industries are normally exempt from federal OSHA injury and illness recordkeeping and posting requirements. A complete list of exempt industries in the retail, services, finance, insurance, and real estate sectors is posted on the OSHA Web site, www.osha.gov.

Copies of OSHA Forms 300 and 300A are available in either Adobe PDF or Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet format on the OSHA Recordkeeping Web site at www.osha.gov/recordkeeping/index.html.

Happy New to all.  The Compliance Resource Center hopes you all had a wonderful and SAFE holiday season.   And now it is time to get back to work.
The beginning of a new year is a great time to do an annual assessment of your facility.  I always consider 4 parts to an assessment;

  • Observation
  • Conversation
  • Compliance
  • Evaluation 

OBSERVATION
I always to target 5 major areas that I am evaluating, during an assessment.  I start by looking and making notes with particular regards to these areas, but also notice if there are any other major concerns.  If time permits, I walk through the facility watching employee’s work and the equipment they are using.  I will often bring a camera and take pictures to support my findings.
CONVERSATION
Part of the assessment process should be talking with some of the employees.  This can give you a better understanding of employee’s opinion and understanding of the safety policies/procedures and their training.  Often the employees will tell a consultant some thing they would not tell their supervisor.
COMPLIANCE
My assessment is always based on compliance with OSHA regulations found in 49CFR.  If you are the safety person at your company, you should have a current 49CFR on your shelf.  This book is your bible for OSHA regulations and compliance.  Any assessment should follow these standards with regards to this manual.  Remember that OSHA standards are written for many industries.  You can also look at best practices to achieve a higher standard.  This is up to the individual company and location.
EVALUATION
After I stop, look and listen, I fill out an assessment tool that rates each area I observe.  This helps me keep my focus on facility and the good things they do and where they need improvement.  The final report is sent to my contact.  I follow-up in a few weeks to help the safety person develop a plan of action using the assessment made.  Finally, I check back every couple of months to see what progress is being made on the action plan.
So now you know some of the tricks of the trade; observe, converse, compliance and evaluate.  Have A SAFE NEW YEAR!

 

PPE

OSHA has announced a final rule on employer-paid personal protective equipment (PPE). Under the rule, all PPE, with a few exceptions, must be provided at no cost to the employee. OSHA anticipates that this rule will have substantial safety benefits that will result in more than 21,000 fewer occupational injuries per year. The rule was published in the Federal Register on November 15.

“Employees exposed to safety and health hazards may need to wear personal protective equipment to be protected from injury, illness, and death caused by exposure to those hazards,” said Assistant Secretary of Labor for OSHA Edwin G. Foulke Jr. “This final rule will clarify who is responsible for paying for PPE, which OSHA anticipates will lead to greater compliance and potential avoidance of thousands of workplace injuries each year.”

The final rule contains a few exceptions for ordinary safety-toed footwear, ordinary prescription safety eyewear, logging boots, and ordinary clothing and weather-related gear. The final rule also clarifies OSHA’s requirements regarding payment for employee-owned PPE and replacement PPE. While these clarifications have added several paragraphs to the regulatory text, the final rule provides employees no less protection than they would have received under the 1999 proposed standard.

 The rule also provides an enforcement deadline of six months from the date of publication to allow employers time to change their existing PPE payment policies to accommodate the final rule.

Proposed revisions that will change the requirements for facilities subject to the Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) rule are expected within weeks. According to EPA, the revisions will tailor and streamline requirements to particular industry sectors and facilities subject to the rule.

EPA Administrator Stephen L. Johnson recently signed a proposed rule to amend the rule at 40 CFR part 112.

All SPCC-regulated facilities would be potentially affected by the proposed amendments, through which EPA intends to provide:

Clarity on the general secondary containment requirements,
Flexibility in the security requirements,
Flexibility in the use of industry standards to comply with integrity testing requirements,
Additional flexibility in meeting the facility diagram requirements, and
Clarification on the flexibility provided by the definition of “facility.”
Some of the other proposed changes include exemptions and a definition of loading/unloading rack.

Plan template allowed for small facilities
The changes would also streamline requirements and allow the use of an SPCC Plan template for a subset of qualified facilities known as “Tier 1” qualified facilities (i.e., with no individual oil storage container with a capacity greater than 5,000 U.S. gallons up to an aggregate of 10,000 gallons).

Until then, comply with old rule
Nothing in this proposed rule removes any regulatory requirement for owners or operators of facilities in operation before Aug. 16, 2002, to develop, implement, and maintain an SPCC plan in accordance with the SPCC regulations then in effect. These facilities are required to maintain their plans until the applicable date for revising and implementing plans under the new amendments.

Public comments on the proposed changes will be accepted for 60 days following publication in the Federal Register, which is expected within two weeks. Information about the SPCC rule proposed amendments is available at www.epa.gov/oilspill/spcc_oct07.htm

Fire Detection SystemAccording to 29 CFR 1910.164(c), it is the employer’s responsibility to maintain all fire-detection systems in an operable condition, except during maintenance and repair work.  You must ensure that these systems are tested and adjusted as often as necessary to maintain reliability and operating condition.

The frequency of the tests and cleaning cycle must be determined in part by facility conditions, such as dust, as well as manufacturer recommendations.  Conditions such as the amount of dust, dirt, or other particulates may vary widely from one facility to another and therefore vary the maintenance cycle.
Factory-calibrated detectors do not need to be adjusted after installation, unless recommended by the manufacturer or service representative. However, trained personnel knowledgeable in the operation and function of the system must perform testing, cleaning, and maintenance of fire-detection systems.

You must also ensure that pneumatic and hydraulic-operated detection systems installed after Jan. 1, 1981, are equipped with supervised systems.

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